What Is Testicular Cancer?

In this brief article brought to you by Southern Maryland Medical Group, we summarize some of the causes and risk factors, symptoms, testing, and treatment options for testicular cancer. If you are looking for primary care doctors in the Maryland area, you are welcomed to call Southern Maryland Medical Group to schedule a convenient appointment or visit one of our clinics for a walk-in appointment as soon as possible.

Causes and Risk Factors of Testicular Cancer.

The exact causes of testicular cancer are not known. However, there are some factors that increase the risk of developing testicular cancer, including:

• A family history of testicular cancer.
• Undescended testicle, or when one or both testicles fail to move down from the abdomen into the scrotum.
• Abnormal testicular development.
• Having previously had testicular cancer.
• An HIV infection.
• Klinefelter syndrome, a genetic condition that results in the presence of an extra X chromosome in males.

Symptoms of Testicular Cancer.

The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a painless lump or swelling in one of the testicles. Other symptoms include:

• Pain or discomfort in the testicle or scrotum
• A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
• Enlargement or tenderness of the breasts
• Back pain
• Abdominal pain
• Fatigue
• Unexplained weight loss

It's essential to note that not all lumps in the testicles are cancerous. However, if you notice any of the above symptoms, you should see your primary care physician immediately.

Treatment for Testicular Cancer

Treatment options for testicular cancer depend on the type and stage of cancer. The most common treatment options include:

• Surgery: The removal of the affected testicle, called an orchidectomy, is usually the first step in treating testicular cancer. If cancer is detected in the other testicle, it may also need to be removed.
• Radiation therapy: The use of high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is often used in combination with surgery and radiation therapy.

Testing for Testicular Cancer

Testicular cancer is a relatively rare but highly treatable form of cancer. If you notice any symptoms or abnormalities in your testicles, seek medical attention immediately. Diagnosis involves physical examination, ultrasound, blood tests, and biopsy. Regular self-examinations can also help detect any changes early, leading to a better outcome. If you need to schedule an appointment for adult medicine, grab the phone and call Southern Maryland Medical Group today.